Pycnogenol is a patented form of pine bark extract, sourced exclusively in the region of South West France. Pine bark is a rich source of the plant flavonoids Proanthocyanidins (OPCs). OPCs effectively help to protect collagen structures and agains free-radical damage, suggested to be a major cause of the ageing process. Good clinical evidence has shown OPCs to be effective in treating venous insufficiency, varicose veins, capillary fragility, and disorders of the retina. OPCs appear to improve blood circulation through collagen support and nitric oxide (NO) production. OPCs protect fat and cholesterol from oxidation, thus reducing arterial damage leading to heart disease. OPCs have also been shown to lower cholesterol levels, shrink the deposits in the arteries. Antioxidants also improve sperm mobility and motility. OPCs help maintain neuretransmitters functioning longer and improve the micro-circulation in the brain. OPCs help maintain neuretransmitters functioning longer and improve the micro-circulation in the brain. It can also help with respiratory problems.